Bibliography: A magyar külpolitika 1956-1989 történeti kronológia. Összeállította: Nagy Miklós, MTA Jelenkorkutató Bizottság, 1993 [Hungarian Foreign Politics 1956-1989, Historical Chronology. Compiled by Miklós Nagy, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Committee for Contemporary History, 1993.]

During the year Because of the functioning of the country’s economy and the relatively high number of the Hungarian colony, the Hungarian government, the business, political and economic circles tried to re-establish trade and diplomatic relations with the Latin-American countries in the first place besides Europe. The petitions of the Hungarian government concerning this matter were usually turned down by the Allied Control Commission directed by the representative of the Soviet Directorate.

During the year At the Rio de Janeiro representation of Sweden a bureau defending Hungarian interests starts its work under the leadership of the delegate of the Hungarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (legation counselor).

The end of 1947 A Hungarian foreign trade section of legation is opened in Buenos Aires.

1 September 1948 The representation of Hungarian interests by Sweden is abandoned in Latin-American countries.

During the year The Hungarian government signed a trade and financial agreement first with Argentina out of the so-called developing countries.

Because of his disapproval of the Communist turn in Hungary, the Hungarian embassy counselor working for the Swedish embassy to Rio de Janeiro and two heads of the trade section of legation in Buenos Aires following each other refused to return home.

15 June 1949 The renewal of diplomatic relations with Argentina

14 March 1950 Our first ambassador to Latin-America hands over his letter of commission to Argentinean president Juan Peron.

During the year Hungary signs an inter-bank agreement with Uruguay.

17 October 1952 After the victory of the Bolivian revolution Hungary establishes diplomatic relations with the government of President Victor Paz Estensoro.

During the year Hungarian foreign trade representations are opened in Montevideo and Mexico. Hungary signs an inter-bank agreement with Paraguay.

During the year - A Hungarian-Brazilian inter-bank agreement is signed. A Hungarian trade section of legation is opened in Rio de Janeiro.

18 January 1956 - In the central paper of the HWP (Hungarian Workers’ Party), the Free People, an editorial is published having the title “Hungary and the Latin-American States”, which, quoting Soviet Prime Minister Bulganin, emphasizes that, similarly to the Soviet Union, the other counties of the peace camp, including Hungary, endeavor to help international cooperation by developing their political, economic, cultural and other relations.

18 May 1956 - Brazilian senators arrive in Budapest and have talks with Sándor Rónai, the speaker of the Hungarian parliament, concerning the possibilities of developing bilateral relations. (The leaders of the delegation: Auro Soares de Mouro Andreida and Antonio de Freitas Cavelcanti).

24 May 1956 - Nine other Brazilian representatives arrive in Budapest under the leadership of Candida Irele Vargas.

9 June 1956 - Sándor Nagy, the ambassador to Buenos Aires of the Hungarian People’s Republic hands over his letter of commission to Pedro Eugenio Aramburu, the Argentenian president of the republic.

14 June 1956 - Hungary establishes diplomatic relations with Uruguay. It could not be realized until 1964 because of the Soviet military intervention in 1956.

27 June 1956 - Argentenian ambassador Bartolome Denéri hands over his letter of commission to István Dobi, the president of the Presidential Council.

June 1956 - A 20-member Peruvian trade delegation visits Hungary.

15 October 1956 - The Presidential Council makes a resolution about setting up a Hungarian legation in Montevideo.

16 November 1956 - At the seat of the UN it was announced that the general secretary formed a three-member committee to examine the Hungarian situation after the Soviet military intervention. One member of the committee was Alberto Lleras from Columbia, the former general secretary of the Organization of American States. (The other two members: Oscar Gunderson /Norway/, Arthur Lall /India/)

10 January 1957 - An Uruguayan representative also becomes member of the special UN committee the task of which is to reveal the Hungarian situation and report to the General Assembly. (The other members of the committee come from Australia, Ceylon, Denmark and Tunisia.)

24 October 1957 - According to a Hungarian press release, in Buenos Aires the representatives of the two countries signed a one-year trade and payment agreement.

1-2 January 1959 - In Cuba the rebels led by Fidel Castro overthrow the Batista-dictatorship. The temporary head of state becomes Manuel Urrutia.

17 February 1959 - Fidel Castro becomes Cuba’s prime minister.

1 December 1959 - In Washington the Antarctic-agreement is signed, which abolishes the formation of military objects and the test of nuclear weapons on continent at the pole. (The signing countries are the following: Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Chile, South-Africa, France, Japan, Great-Britain, Norway, the Soviet Union, New Zealand, the USA.)

During the year - After the victory of the Cuban revolution the head of the Hungarian legation to Washington goes on an informational visit to Cuba and has talks concerning the re-establishment of relations in Mexico and Haiti.

18 February 1960 - The formation of the Latin-American Free Trade Association (LAFTA).

20 March 1960 - The United States begins a “sugar war” against Cuba. (In August the American concerns are nationalized.)

June 1960 - At Argentinean invitation Jeno Incze, the Hungarian minister of foreign trade takes part in the Buenos Aires celebrations of the 150th anniversary of the fight for independence.

16 September 1960 - Ernesto Che Guevara, the president of the Cuban National Bank signs an exchange of goods and payment agreement for 1961-65 with Gyula Karádi, the Hungarian deputy minister of foreign trade, having talks in Havana. The Hungarian talking partner was greatly surprised at Guevara’s statement that the re-establishment of diplomatic relations with Hungary would be postponed as the events of 1956 made a great impression on Latin-American countries and not the least on Cuba too.

19 October 1960 - The United States ordered to embargo Cuba completely.

12-16 November 1960 - At Sándor Rónai’s invitation, a Chilean parliamentary delegation stays in Hungary headed by Armando Holtzapfel, the president of the parliamentary fraction of the Chilean Radical Party.

18 December 1960 - After the Hungarian government's representatives signed a multilateral payment agreement with Che Guevara, having talks in Moscow, the latter visited Budapest and signed the common declaration about the diplomatic relations between the two states.

During the year - Non-partyman Janio Quadros, having won the Brazilian presidential elections, announces that he wants to develop the relations with the non aligned countries and to normalize bilateral relations with the socialist countries.

3 January 1961 - At the United States’ initiation diplomatic relations between the USA and Cuba are broken off.

21 March 1961 - In Washington by the exchange of diplomatic notes diplomatic relations between Hungary and Brazil are re-established (despite the fact that earlier both the head and a member of the Rio Hungarian foreign trade mission defected).

17-20 April 1961 - Supported by America, armed Cuban emigrants landed in Playa Giron, the Cuban government forces beat off the attack.

5-15 May 1961 - Headed by President Quadros’s personal representative (Joao Portella Ribeiro Dantas) a 23 member official delegation arrives in Hungary to sign the bilateral trade, financial and economic cooperation agreement and the cultural treaty and the cultural plan of work for 1961-62.

3 June 1961 - Deputy foreign minister Károly Szarka summons Argentinean legate Carlos Echague and in the name of the Hungarian government strongly protests against the armed attack of 2 June against the Hungarian legation in Buenos Aires.

7-12 November 1961 - Headed by Arnaldo Cerdeira, the vice president of the Social Progress Party, a group of Brazilian representatives stays in Hungary.

During the year - A Hungarian foreign trade representation is opened in Chile.

3 January 1962 - The Vatican excommunicates Fidel Castro - because of his abuses of church personalities.

28 March 1962 - In Argentina a military putsch overthrows President Arturo Frondizi’s regime.

3 June 1962 - E. R. Bittencourt, the Brazilian secretary of state for foreign affairs, visits Hungary.

3 September 1962 - A Soviet-Cuban common announcement is made about the Soviet Union’s military help to Cuba.

22 October- 20 November 1962 - The Cuban rocket crisis ended by a Soviet-American compromise without the Cuban leaders’ awareness and against their will. The Soviet leaders dodged the Cuban endeavors to join the Warsaw Treaty. Mainly this explains why the Cuban leaders declared the experiences of their own revolution to be of universal validity (the guerrilla fight that leads to a general and victorious popular uprising), and started to build their own political groups and movements - separately from pro-Moscow communist parties - to organize the armed fight in Latin-America and to support similar movements on other continents - Africa (Guevara’s presence in Congo and his personal - leading - participation in the Bolivian guerrilla fight).

24 October 1962 - The Hungarian government’s statement about the Cuban crisis, in which they condemn the USA’s aggressive steps endangering Cuba’s peace and independence.

During the year - A Hungarian legation is opened in La Paz.

16 March 1963 - László Újházi, the head of the department of the ministry of foreign trade, has exploratory talks in the Brazilian ministry of foreign affairs with the members of the committee developing trade with the Eastern-European countries.

23 May 1963. - Fidel Castro is honored with the title "the Hero of the Soviet Union" during his visit to Moscow. He is the first foreigner to receive this title.

15 July 1963 - The United States requests Mexico, Canada and Spain through diplomacy to break off their economic relations with Cuba.

28 July 1963 - In Argentina Arturo Illia, the candidate of Popular Radical Party, is elected president of the republic.

August 1963 - Greatly successful Hungarian week in Rio de Janeiro. Film and popular art performances.

18 September 1963 - At the invitation of the Hungarian group of the Inter-parliamentary Union, Chilean parliamentary representatives visit Hungary from the Belgrade conference.

18 September 1963 - Camillo Nogueira da Gamma, the vice-president of the Brazilian senate stays in Hungary.

During the year - Hungary signs an inter-bank agreement with Chile.

7 January 1964 - The resolution of the HSWP (Hungarian Socialist Workers’ Party) CC Political Bureau: “Guiding principles to form our Latin-American foreign policy”.

18-22 February 1964 - A Brazilian economic delegation headed by Aluyso Regis Guides Bittencourt, the head of the Eastern-European department of the ministry of foreign affairs, has talks in Hungary.

1 April 1961 - A military putsch overthrows Brazilian president Joo B. Goulart’s rule.

During the year - The Hungarian mission in La Paz takes over the representation of Cuban interests after the break-off of Bolivian-Cuban diplomatic relations and the expulsion of diplomats of other socialist countries.

- Because of the Hungarian events of 1956, diplomatic relations with Uruguay are realized only now.

- Because of the military putsches (Brazil, Argentina, Bolivia, etc.), a temporary standstill, waiting can be observed in Hungarian-Latin-American political relations (But not in trade relations).

21 February 1965 - The re-establishment of diplomatic relations with the government of Eduardo Frei, the Christian-Democrat president.

29 April 1965 - An uprising overthrows the rule of the military junta in Dominica. The USA sends troops to the spot. On 3 May President L. B. Johnson announces that the USA prevents by all means that a new Cuba could be formed in the Western hemisphere.

16 October 1965 - José Noguerol Armengol, the deputy foreign minister of the Argentinean Republic, visits Hungary.

May 1966 - A Cuban government delegation stays in Hungary, and has talks with the heads of the various ministries about technical-scientific cooperation, as a result of which a contract is signed about commissioning Hungarian counselors to Cuba.

6-8 may 1966 - At the invitation of the Hungarian ministry of foreign affairs, Oscar Pinochet de la Barra, the Chilean deputy foreign minister stays in Hungary.

28 June 1966 - Coup d’état in Argentina. The junta appoints General Ongania president of the republic.

October 1966 - Headed by minister José Osvald Mira Penna, a Brazilian economic delegation has talks in Budapest about re-establishing trade relations.

During the year - A Hungarian foreign trade representation is opened in Columbia.

15 March 1967 - Arturo da Costa Silva is elected president of Brazil.

May 1967 - József Bíró, the minister of foreign trade, has talks in Cuba (he is received by President Dorticos and foreign minister Raul Roa Garcia among others).

14 May 1967 - At the invitation of Pál Ilku, the cultural minister, Juan Gomez Milles, the Chilean minister of public education, visits Hungary.

October-November 1967 - Headed by István Szurdi, the minister of internal trade, a Hungarian government delegation visits Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil and has talks at the highest level about the widening of bilateral - mainly economic - cooperation.

October-November 1967 - Károly Szarka, deputy foreign minister - who has been a member of the Szurdi-delegation - visits Peru, Ecuador, Columbia and Venezuela as the head of a goodwill delegation, where he has talks about the re-establishment and development of relations.

June 1968 - The visit of Bernardo Leighton Guzman, the Chilean minister of internal affairs to Hungary. (He has talks with András Benkei, the minister of internal affairs, he is received by Lajos Fehér, the deputy chairman of the Council of Ministers.)

8 October 1968 - Che Guevara’s death in Bolivia.

October 1968 - Headed by the president of the house of representatives, an Uruguayan parliamentary delegation visits Hungary.

October 1968 - In Peru, the executors of the military overtake of power emphasize already in one of their first declarations their intention to realize diplomatic relations with Hungary.

26 November - 6 December 1968 - Béla Szalai, the deputy minister of foreign trade have talks in Cuba and sign an agreement on the exchange of goods with their Cuban partners.

6-10 December 1968 - Béla Szalai, the deputy minister of foreign trade has talks in Mexico with Campas Salas, the minister of industry and trade and P. Garcia Reynoso, the deputy minister of industry.

During the year - Because of the international reaction to the Soviet and other socialist countries' intervention in Czechoslovakia in 1968, the planned official re-establishment of relations with certain Latin-American countries (Peru, Ecuador, Venezuela) lasts longer.

- The Hungarian foreign trade representation in Columbia is raised to consular level.

- The Cuban leaders and some local communist parties disapprove of the Hungarian government’s urging the strengthening of economic relations and the re-establishment of relations with the reactionary Latin-American governments and military dictatorships. (In Guevara’s diary we can read his angry attack against the Hungarian position supporting the policy of peaceful living together.)

15 March 1969 - Hungarian-Cuban economic and trade talks in Budapest.

14 May 1969 - Signing the Hungarian-Cuban economic and technical-scientific cooperation.

16 April 1969 - The re-establishment of diplomatic relations with Peru.

29 April 1969 - The re-establishment of diplomatic relations with Venezuela.

4-25 August 1969 - Headed by deputy minister Béla Szalai, a Hungarian foreign trade delegation visit South-America.

26 August 1969 - Coup d’état in Bolivia. General Alfredo Ovando Candida comes to power.

August 1969 - The re-establishment of diplomatic relations with Ecuador (Later Ecuador asked to modify the date of the establishment of diplomatic relations to 1946.)

2 January 1970 - Economic talks between Hungary and the countries of the Central-American Common Market (Peru, Costa-Rica, Guatemala, Uruguay).

May 1970 - Headed by Péter Vályi, the minister of finance, a Hungarian government delegation has talks in Bolivia, Peru and Venezuela.

14 May 1970 - Hungary establishes diplomatic relations with Costa-Rica.

24 October 1970 - The Chilean parliament elects S. Allende president of the country.

17-20 May 1971 - Clodomiro Almeyda Medina, the Chilean foreign minister visits Hungary.

11 July 1971 - The Chilean parliament passes an act about placing the country’s natural resources under government control.

October 1971 - The visit to Budapest of Gonzalo J. Facio and Claudio Alpizar Vargas, the Costa Rican ministers of foreign affairs and finance.

September 1971 - Headed by Mátyás Tímár, the vice president of the Council of Ministers, a Hungarian government delegation makes an official visit to Argentina, Chile, Peru and Ecuador.

9-11 March 1972 - Anibal Palma, the deputy foreign minister of the Chilean Republic has talks in Budapest.

30 May- 6 June 1972 - Prime Minister Fidel Castro, the first secretary of the Cuban Communist Party, makes an official friendly visit to Hungary.

24 June 1972 - Hungary establishes diplomatic relations with Columbia.

12-24 August 1972 - Deputy foreign minister Imre Hollai’s trip to South-America. (He has talks in Uruguay and Brazil.)

1 September 1972 - Cuban foreign minister René Amillo Capote arrives in Hungary for a six-day official visit.

From 30 November 1972 - Chilean President Allende’s official visits to Cuba, Mexico, the Soviet Union and the UN.

2 July 1973 - Hungary establishes diplomatic relations with Honduras.

11 September 1973 - In Chile a military putsch led by General A. Pinochet overthrows Allende’s regime.

26 September 1973 - Because of the military putsch in Chile, squaring matters with the Soviet Union and the other socialist countries, the Hungarian government suspends its diplomatic and consular relations and calls upon Austria to represent Hungarian interests in this country.

14 May 1974 - The establishment of diplomatic relations with Mexico, urged from the beginning of the fifties, takes place.

15 May 1974 - A five-year Hungarian-Cuban educational, scientific and cultural agreement is signed.

27-29 August 1974 - At the invitation of the Cuban ministry of foreign affairs, the representatives of the ministries of foreign affairs of socialist countries have a conference in Havana on up-to-date international questions.

September 1974 - At Frigyes Puja’s invitation, Raul Roa Garcia, the Cuban foreign minister visits Budapest.

8 June 1975 - The establishment of diplomatic relations with Trinidad-Tobago.

10 July 1975 - The establishment of diplomatic relations between Hungary and Guyana.

19 September 1975 - Foreign Minister Frigyes Puja receives José Gallastegui, the Mexican deputy foreign minister.

5 October 1975 - Establishing diplomatic relations with Panama.

13-25 December 1975 - János Kádár, the first secretary of the HSWP, travels to Cuba to participate at the First Congress of the Cuban Communist Party.

During the year - The Mexican deputy foreign minister and the Mexican congress delegation headed by the head of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the Senate visit Hungary.

26 January 1976 - The Cuban government admits that Cuban volunteers are fighting in Angola.

8-12 March 1976 - René Anillo Capote, the first deputy of the Cuban foreign minister, has consultations in Budapest.

23 March 1976 - József Marjai, the under-secretary of foreign affairs, makes an official visit to Columbia.

24 March 1976 - In Argentina a bloodless military putsch overthrows Isabell Peron’s rule.

28-31 March 1976 - József Marjai, the under-secretary of foreign affairs, makes an official visit to Venezuela.

26-30 July 1976 - Headed by vice-president Luis Danton Rodrigez Jaima, the delegation of the Mexican house of representatives makes a visit to Hungary.

14-20 September 1976 - Puja Frigyes, the Hungarian foreign minister has talks in Havana.

September 1976 - Marco Fernandes Font, the Cuban minister of foreign trade visits Budapest.

October 1976 - Pál Losonczi, the president of the Presidential Council makes an official visit to Venezuela, Peru, Panama and Cuba.

12-22 October 1976 - José Fernandez Cossio, the Cuban deputy foreign minister, has talks in Budapest.

6 December 1976 - Árpád Pullai, the minister of transport and postal services, visits Cuba.

26 January 1977 - Gyula Szekér and Castilla, the Hungarian and Cuban vice-premiers have talks in Havana about developing bilateral relations.

1-22 March 1977 - During his tour of Africa, Fidel Castro visits 32 countries.

30 May 1977 - An American-Cuban agreement is signed, according to which the parties’ interests are represented by the Swiss embassy to Havana and the Czechoslovakian embassy to Washington.

1 July 1977 - Hungary establishes diplomatic relations with Surinam.

22 July 1977 - The establishment of diplomatic relations with Grenada.

22 August - 6 September 1977 - Osvaldo Dorticos, the Cuban vice-premier visits Hungary.

26 September-1 October 1977 - Foreign minister Frigyes Puja, staying in New York at the Thirty-second session of the UN General Assembly, has talks with his Costa Rican, Ecuadorian, Mexican and Peruvian colleagues.

9-12 November 1977 - Pál Losonczi, the president of the, the member of the HSWP Political Committee makes an official visit to Mexico.

11-16 November 1977 - Army General Raul Castro, the minister of Cuban Armed Forces stays in Hungary and has talks about the questions of bilateral relations at the highest level.

November 1977 - Pál Losonczi, the president of the Presidential Council visits Mexico and Ecuador.

8-15 December 1977 - Deputy foreign minister Vencel Házi’s talks at the Cuban ministry of foreign affairs.

16-17 May 1978 - President Carter signs the Canal Treaty in Panama, according to which the canal zone is gradually placed under Panaman supervision until 2000.

1 June 1978 - Diplomatic relations are established with Barbados.

August 1978 - Isodoro Malmerca, the Cuban foreign minister visits Budapest.

28 September 1978 - Foreign Minister Frigyes Puja, staying in New York for the Thirty-third session of the UN General Assembly, has a meeting with Lievano Aguirre, the Colombian foreign minister and the president of the General Assembly.

1-6 January 1979 - To commemorate the Cuban national holiday, a Hungarian party and state delegation travels to Havana, headed by Béla Biszku, the member of the HSWP Political Committee.

1-5 March 1979 - Pál Rácz, under-secretary of the ministry of foreign affairs, has consultations in Havana.

19 July 1979 - In Nicaragua Sandinists occupy the capital of the country and overthrow General Somoza’s rule.

1 October 1979 - After the victory of the revolution the Hungarian government establishes diplomatic relations with Nicaragua (The Soviet Union on 18 October).

3 October 1979 - Foreign Minister Frigyes Puja, staying in New York for the Thirty-fourth session of the UN General Assembly, has a meeting with Jorge Castanéda, the Mexican foreign minister.

10-12 October 1979 - Frigyes Puja makes an official friendly visit to Cuba.

15 October 1979 - In Salvador a military putsch overthrows Carlos Humberto Romero’s dictatorship.

23-26 January 1980 - Pál Rácz, under-secretary of the ministry of foreign affairs, has consultative talks in Argentina, then between 27 and 30 January in Brazil.

29 July 1980 - At the Bolivian presidential elections the most votes were given to the candidate of the leftist Democratic and Popular Union, H. S. Zuazo.

11 September 1980 - Referendum in Chile. According to the new constitution until 1989 the country is governed by the military junta led by Pinochet.

During the year - The competent Hungarian government organs regulate and form the coordinated and unified system of foreign assistance. According to the explanation of the provision, the possibilities of Hungarian economy do not allow further sacrifices of great measure. In the questions of military cooperation and assistance the decision was made by the government’s National Defense Committee.

12-26 March 1981 - Headed by János Péter, the vice-president of the parliament, a delegation visits Columbia, Venezuela, Panama, Nicaragua and Cuba.

11-15 April 1981 - Headed by Carlos Nunez Tellez, the president of the Nicaraguan State Council, a parliamentary delegation arrives in Hungary.

20-25 April 1981 - First secretary Fidel Castro receives Vice-Premier József Marjai, having talks in Cuba.

3 June 1981 - Nicaraguan foreign minister Miguel d’Escoto - passing through - visits Hungary.

22-26 August 1981 - Nicaraguan minister of internal affairs Tomas Borge makes an official visit to Hungary.

17 September - 7 October 1981 - Foreign minister Frigyes Puja, staying in New York for the Thirty-sixth session of the UN General Assembly, has talks with Isidoro Malmierca Peoli, the Cuban, Jorge Castaneda, the Mexican and Javier Arias Stella, the Peruvian foreign minister.

24-25 September 1981 - The Cuban minister of foreign trade, Ricardo Cabriras Ruiz has talks with his Hungarian partners in Budapest.

22-23 October 1981 - "North-South" summit in Mexico with the participation of 14 developing and 8 developed countries.

7-21 November 1981 - Foreign Minister Puja Frigyes visits Mexico, Nicaragua, Ecuador and Columbia.

24 February 1982 - At the conference of the Organization of American States, President R. Reagan presents the USA’s six point economic program concerning the Caribbean area.

March 1982 - Vice-Premier József Marjai visits Mexico.

14-16 March 1982 - Under-secretary of the ministry of foreign affairs János Nagy has consultations in the Cuban ministry of foreign affairs.

17 March-3 April 1982 - Headed by Vice-Premier Lajos Faluvégi, a Hungarian government delegation has talks in Venezuela, Peru, Brazil and Argentina.

2 April 1982 - Argentina occupies the Falkland-Islands, Great-Britain commands troops to the region.

4-9 May 1982 - Headed by Daniel Ortega, a Nicaraguan delegation has talks in the Soviet Union.

23 May 1982 - The visit to Hungary of Jorge Castaneda, the Mexican foreign minister.

11-12 June 1982 - Pope John Paul II. visits Argentina.

6-11 September 1982 - Rodrigo Valdes Baquero, the first deputy of the Ecuadorian foreign minister has talks in Budapest.

13-16 September 1982 - Cuban deputy foreign minister Jorge Bolanos Suarez has consultations in Budapest.

20-24 September 1982 - Headed by Armando Sánchez Bueno, the president of the Venezuelan house of representatives, a parliamentary delegation visits Hungary.

20 September-3 October 1982 - Foreign Minister Frigyes Puja, staying in New York for the Thirty-sixth session of the UN General Assembly, has talks with Juan Aguirre Lanari, Argentinean, Miguel d’Escoto Brockman, Nicaraguan and Ramiro Saraiva Guerreiro, Brazilian foreign ministers.

5-6 October 1982 - Manuel Vila Sosa, the Cuban minister of internal trade, visits Hungary.

5-8 October 1982 - Antonio Aureliano Chaves de Mendonica, the Vice-President of the Brazilian Republic, makes an official visit to Hungary.

25-29 November 1982 - Miguel d’Escoto Brockman, the Nicaraguan foreign minister, makes an official, friendly visit to Hungary.

19-22 December 1982 - Ramiro Valdés Menéndez, the Cuban minister of internal affairs, makes an official visit to Hungary.

9-16 January 1983 - Deputy foreign minister Imre Hollai, the chairman of the Thirty-seventh session of the UN General Assembly, participates at the ministerial session of the Coordinational Bureau of non-aligned countries in Managua.

2-9 March 1983 - Pope John Paul II’s Central-American trip.

13-16 March 1983 - Isidoro Malmierca Peoli, the Cuban foreign minister has talks in Budapest. (The politician is received by János Kádár, the first secretary of the HSWP Central Committee.)

5-6 June 1983 - Ms Ochoa De Ardila, the general secretary of the Colombian ministry of foreign affairs, visits Budapest.

29 August 1983 - In Chile at the demand of democratic forces, the government withdraws the state of emergency, which has lasted 10 years.

22 September- 7 October 1983 - Hungarian Foreign Minister Péter Várkonyi, staying in New York for the Thirty-eight session of the UN General Assembly, has talks with Isidoro Malmierca Peoli, the Cuban, E. Jackson, the Guyanese and Luis Valencia Rodriguez, the Ecuadorian foreign ministers. The Cuban foreign minister has a meeting with Pál Losonczi, the president of the Presidential Council, the member of the HSWP PB, participating at the conference of heads of states and prime ministers.

28 September - 3 October 1983 - Party leader Maurice Bishop, the Grenadian prime minister, visits Hungary. (Bishop is received by first secretary János Kádár and prime minister György Lázár as well.)

13 -17 October 1983 - Justo Oswaldo Paez Pumar, the Venezuelan deputy foreign minister has a consultation in Budapest.

25 October 1983 - The United States’ military intervention in Grenada.

During the year - Because of the unfavorable trade conditions resulting from the Latin-American indebtedness-crisis, the party’s Political Committee and later the Economic Committee functioning under the government specially deal with the questions of economic cooperation with the most important Latin-American countries.

7-8 January 1984 - The Contadora-group and Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Salvador sign a common document about the settlement of the Central-American crisis.

26 February - 4 March 1984 - Zoltán Juhár, the minister of internal trade has talks in Cuba.

15-17 May 1984 - Armando Hart Dávalos, the cultural minister of the Cuban Republic, participates at the 12th (Hungarian) conference of the cultural ministers of socialist countries.

17-22 May 1984 - The official visit of Juan Escanola Reguera, the Cuban minister of justice to Hungary.

17-25 June 1984 - The Eastern-European trip of Nicaraguan leader Daniel Ortega. (He has talks in Hungary on 25-26 June, he is received by János Kádár, the first secretary of the HSWP CC.)

18-20 June 1984 - Rodrigo Valdez Bayuero, the first deputy of the Ecuadorian foreign minister, has consultations in Budapest.

24-25 June 1984 - The first deputy of the Mexican foreign minister, Alfondose Rosenzweig-Diaz stays in Budapest for a two-day visit.

9-16 July 1984 - José R. Viera, the first deputy of the Cuban foreign minister, stays in Hungary.

15-23 July 1984 - Headed by Miklós Óvári, the secretary of the HSWP CC and member of the Political Committee, a Hungarian Party and government delegation participates in Nicaragua at the celebrations commemorating the fifth anniversary of the victory of the revolution. (Miklós Óvári is received by Daniel Ortega, the member of the FSLN National Directorate, the coordinator of the Governing Council of the National Reconstruction Government.)

27 July 1984 - Establishment of diplomatic relations with the Dominican Republic.

29-30 November - The COMECON holds its 39th session in Havana.

16-19 July 1984 - Headed by Dagoberto Lainez Vodanoc, the president of the Peruvian house of representatives, a parliamentary delegation arrives in Hungary.

25-28 July 1984 - At the head of a government delegation, Dionisio Marence, the Nicaraguan minister of internal trade, stays in Hungary.

22 September-6 October 1984 - Hungarian foreign minister Péter Várkonyi, staying in New York for the Thirty-ninth session of the UN General Assembly meets Isidoro Malmierca Peoli, the Cuban foreign minister.

29-30 October 1984 - The COMECON’s 39th session in Havana.

4 November 1984 - In Nicaragua the Sandinist National Liberation Front wins the general elections, the president of the country becomes Daniel Ortega.

4 December 1984 - José R. Viera, the first deputy of the Cuban foreign minister, has consultative talks at the Hungarian ministry of foreign affairs.

During the year - The Cuban national assembly delegation visits Hungary.

26 February 1985 - The Cuban counselors are withdrawn from Nicaragua and the transport of weapons to Cuba is suspended.

4 April 1985 - In a speech on the radio, Ronald Reagan announces the United States’ plan of settlement concerning Cuba (talks with the armed resistants, the call for new elections).

4-6 May 1985 - Daniel Ortega, the president of the Nicaraguan Republic, stays in Budapest and has talks with Pál Losonczi, the president of the Presidential Council, and Károly Németh, the deputy of the HSWP’s general secretary.

24 May 1985 - Gustavo Castro Guerrero, the Colombian minister of economic development, arrives in Hungary to participate at the first session of the two countries' Economic Mixed Committee. He hands over to Pál Losonczi the personal message of Colombian president Balisano Betancur.

21 June 1984 - Jorge Crespo Velasco, the Bolivian deputy foreign minister, has talks in Hungary. A Hungarian-Bolivian consular agreement is signed.

12-13 September 1985 - The Contadora-group and the foreign ministers of the states concerned in the region accept the modified version of the plan of settlement of 1984.

13-22 September 1985 - The European trip of Raul Alfonsín, the Agrentinian head of state.

22 September-3 October 1985 - In New York foreign minister Péter Várkonyi meets Dante Caputo, the Argentinean, Isidoro Malmierca Peoli, the Cuban, and E. Iglesias, the Uruguayan foreign ministers.

October 1985 - Pál Losonczi, the president of the Presidential Council, participating at the jubilee session organized to celebrate the 400th anniversary of the formation of the UN, meets Nicaraguan president Daniel Ortega in New York.

24-25 October 1985 - Ricardo Cabriras Ruiz, the Cuban minister of foreign trade, has talks in Budapest with his Hungarian colleague, Péter Veress.

12 January 1986 - The foreign ministers of the Contadora-group (Mexico, Venezuela, Columbia, Panama, Nicaragua) and the Lima group (Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Peru) publish a common declaration in order to solve politically the Central-American crisis.

1-5 February 1986 - Argentinean foreign minister Dante Caputo stays in Hungary. He carries on talks with Péter Várkonyi, the foreign minister and Péter Veress, the minister of foreign trade. He hands over to Pál Losonczi, the president of the Presidential Council, the letter of the Argentinean head of state.

20 February 1986 - The summit of the English-speaking Caribbean states. The United States' president Ronald Reagan also participates in it and he carries on talks with Grenadian leaders.

4-7 March 1986 - Foreign minister Péter Várkonyi stays in Cuba on an official visit. He has talks with foreign minister Isidoro Malmierca Peoli and Raul Castro Ruz, the first deputy of the Cuban Republic’s State Council and Council of Ministers.

7-11 March 1986 - In Mexico Péter Várkonyi meets foreign minister Bernardo Sepulveda Amor and Antonio Riva Palacio, the president of the Senate’s Great Council.

9-12 March 1986 - Foreign minister Péter Várkonyi visits Nicaragua. He has talks with his Nicaraguan colleague, Miguel d'Escoto, he is received by Daniel Ortega, the president of the republic.

27 May 1986 - Nicaraguan suggestion about diminishing the number of arms, military bases, army exercises and military counselors in the Central-American region.

7 June 1986 - In Panama the member-states of the Contadora- and Lima group accept an other suggestion of compromise about settling the situation in the region.

25 June 1986 - The USA's House of Representatives votes for the aid asked for the Nicaraguan contras by President Reagan.

20-23 July 1986 - Uruguayan foreign minister Enrique Iglesias visits Hungary. He has talks with Péter Várkonyi, the foreign minister, and Péter Veress, the minister of foreign trade, he is received by György Lázár, the president of the Council of Ministers, the member of the HSWP Political Committee.

29 July 1986 - For the consultation of the deputy foreign ministers of socialist countries, Raul Roa Kuori, the Cuban deputy foreign minister, arrives in Budapest.

6-7 August 1986 - The "Delhi Six" (Argentina, Greece, India, Mexico, Sweden, Tanzania) offer at their summit in Mexico to undertake the control of nuclear experiments.

7-14 September 1986 - Károly Grósz, the member of the HSWP CC Political Committee, the first secretary of the Budapest Party Committee, stays in Cuba on an official visit. He meets Jorge Lezcanco, the member of the Cuban Communist Party Central Committee, the first secretary of the Havana Party Committee, and foreign minister Isidoro Malmierca Peoli.

15-18 September 1986 - Péter Veress, the minister of foreign trade participates at the ministerial conference of GATT member-states in Punte del Este (Uruguay).

20 September- 5 October 1986 - Foreign minister Péter Várkonyi staying in New York for the XLI session of the UN General Assembly, meets Dante Caputo, Argentinean, Isidoro Malmierca Peoli, Cuban, Roberto Costa de Aabreu Sodre, Brazilian and Enrique Iglesias, Uruguayan foreign ministers.

2-13 October 1986 - Headed by Colonel-General Ferenc Kárpáti, the minister of defense, a Hungarian military delegation visits Cuba. Ferenc Kárpáti carries on talks with Raul Castro Ruz, the vice-premier and minister of defense.

11-16 October 1986 - Ernesto Cardenal Martinez, the Nicaraguan cultural minister, visits Hungary. His talking partner is László Medve, the minister of health.

13-17 October 1986 - Argentinean head of state Raul Alfonsin visits the Soviet Union.

30 November- 1 December 1986 - Zoltán Juhar, the minister of internal trade, carries on talks with his Cuban colleague, Manuel Vila Sosa.

30 November-5 December 1986 - Foreign minister Péter Veress carries on talks in Uruguay and Argentina about the situation of bilateral trade relations. (His talking partners are the following: Ricardo Zerbino, the Uruguayan minister of economy and finance, foreign minister Enrique Iglesias, Raul Garte, the minister of public health; in Argentina: R. Lavagna, the under-secretary of the ministry of economy and foreign trade, J. Bresman, the under-secretary of the ministry of public work and J.S. Sabata, the under-secretary of foreign affairs.)

14-15 December 1986 - At the invitation of José Ebrantes Fernander, the minister of internal affairs, János Kamara, the minister of internal affairs, visits Havana.

During the year -The Committee of International Economic Relations functioning under the government takes up a position according to which:

- in the trade with developing countries we should regard the mutual advantages and our own interests as determining,

-in the case of the COMECON, we must avoid giving aid independently of bilateral relations: the cooperation between the member-states and third countries can be only on bilateral basis, or we must not agree to one-sided and common provision of aid.

31 March - 12 April 1987 - Pope John Paul II visits Uruguay, Chile and Argentina during his South-American tour.

November 1987 - Károly Németh, the president of the Presidential Council and his attendants make an official visit to Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina.

18-23 June 1987 - At the invitation of János Kamara, the minister of internal affairs, Tomas Borge Martinez, the Nicaraguan minister of internal affairs, visits Budapest.

6-7 August 1987 - The heads of the states of Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Salvador sign the so-called "Guatemalan Agreement" about the peaceful settlement of the Central-American crisis.

17 August 1987 - Manuel Vila, the Cuban minister of internal trade, carries on talks with his Hungarian colleague Zoltán Juhar in Budapest.

2-3 September 1987 - Gyula Horn, the under-secretary of the ministry of foreign affairs, has meetings in Havana.

19 september-3 October 1987 - Foreign minister Péter Várkonyi, staying in New York for the XLII session of the UN General Assembly, meets Dante Caputo, Argentinean, Isidoro Malmierca Peoli, Cuban, Roberto Costa de Aabreu Sodre, Brazilian and Enrique Iglesias, Uruguayan foreign ministers.

30 September -2 October 1987 - Felipe Valdivieso Belaunde, the Peruvian deputy foreign minister has talks in Budapest.

1-2 October 1987 - The deputies of the heads of state of Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Salvador, sign a draft treaty in Guatemala about forming a Central-American parliament.

23-27 October 1987 - Headed by José Rodriguez Iturbe, the president of the Venezuelan house of representatives, an official delegation stays in Hungary.

5-10 November 1987 - Eduardo Mestro Sarmiento, the president of the liberal party, has meetings in Budapest with Mrs. Ferenc Cservenka, the vice-president of the parliament and the leaders of the Patriotic People's Front.

10-11 November 1987 - Paolo Brossard de Sousa Pint, the Brazilian minister of justice, visits Hungary. He is received by Károly Németh, the HSWP CC Political Committee’s member, the president of the Presidential Council.

13 November 1987 - Nicaraguan head of state Daniel Ortega publishes his 11-point cease-fire plan at the 17th general assembly of the Organization of American States.

16-19 November 1987 - Károly Németh, the president of the Presidential Council of the Hungarian People’s Republic, the member of the HSWP CC PB, makes an official visit to Brazil with his wife. His host is José Sarney, president of the republic. During his visit he meets H. Licena, the president of the Senate and H. Santos, the vice-president of the House of Representatives. Péter Veress, the minister of foreign trade, has meetings with foreign minister Roberto Costa de Aabreu Sodre.

19-23 November 1987 - Károly Németh, the president of the Presidential Council of the Hungarian People’s Republic, the member of the HSWP CC PB, makes an official visit in the Uruguayan Eastern Republic, he carries on talks with Julio Sanquinetti, president of the republic.

23-25 November 1987 - Károly Németh visits the Argentinean Republic. He carries on talks with Raul Alfonsín, the president of the republic, vice-president Victor Martinez, Juan Carlos Puzgliese, the president of the house of representatives. He makes a visit to José Severo Caballero, the president of the Supreme Court. Péter Veress, the minister of foreign trade, carries on talks with Juan Ciminari, the under-secretary of the ministry of industry and foreign trade.

27-28 November 1987 - The Mexico conference of the heads of state of the South-American "Eight" (Argentina, Brazil, Columbia, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela).

During the year - The Uruguayan government suggests modifying the date of establishing diplomatic relations to 7 December 1870 (the date of signing a trade, shipping and friendship agreement with the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy).

- Hungary closes her Bolivian embassy quoting budget problems.

15-16 January 1988 - The third summit of Central-American states in San José.

29 January 1988 - The Budapest diplomatic representatives of the countries concerned hand over to foreign minister Péter Várkonyi the text of the declaration accepted at the Stockholm summit of the "Delhi Six" (Argentina, Greece, India, Mexico, Sweden, Tanzania) in order to help disarmament.

26 February - 3 March 1988 - Mátyás Szurös, the secretary of the HSWP CC, participates at the Havana conference of the secretaries of the parties of socialist countries who deal with international questions.

17 March 1988 - On the basis of Ronald Reagan’s decree, American military units arrive in Honduras.

16-18 April 1988 - In Nicaragua the leaders of the contras and the representatives of the government sit down to talk.

25 April 1988 - President Reagan extends the economic embargo coming in force in 1985 against Nicaragua with another year.

7-19 May 1988 - Pope John Paul II visits Uruguay, Bolivia, Peru and Paraguay during his South-American trip.

20 June-2 July 1988 - The Latin-American trip of Gábor Nagy, the deputy foreign minister. (The Hungarian diplomat carries on consultations in Mexico, Honduras, he talks to Nicaraguan foreign minister Miguel d' Escoto, Costa Rican foreign minister Rodrigo Madrigal Nicoto and José Luis Valenciano, the president of the parliament, in Venezuela he carries on talks in the ministry of foreign affairs and he is received by Reineldi Leonardo Mora, the president of the parliament.)

27-28 June 1988 - Danial Ortega, the Nicaraguan head of state, visits Cuba.

23 August 1988 - In Buenos Aires the first session of the “Latin-American Parliament” opens.

1-4 September 1988 - Susan Mytra Cerutti, the Argentinean under-secretary of foreign affairs carries on consultations in the Hungarian ministry of foreign affairs.

7-9 September 1988 - An agreement is signed by Cuba, Angola and the South-African Republic about the withdrawal of Cuban troops stationed in Angola.

27-29 October 1988 - The summit of the heads of state of Argentina, Brazil, Columbia, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela in Punta del Este.

12-14 November 1988 - The General Assembly of the Organization of American States has its session in Salvador.

16 November 1988 - The text of the so-called "Uruguayan Declaration" accepted at the meeting of the heads of state of the Latin-American "Eight" (Argentina, Brazil, Columbia, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela) is handed over to foreign minister Péter Várkonyi by the diplomatic representatives of the countries concerned.

21-23 December 1988 - José Abrantes Fernandez, the Cuban minister of internal affairs, makes an official visit to Hungary.

3 February 1989 - Military overtake of power in Paraguay.

13-14 February 1989 - The fourth summit of the “Central-American Five” (Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Salvador) in Salvador.

15-18 February 1989 - Colombian foreign minister Julio Lodono Paredes makes an official visit to Hungary. He has talks with foreign minister Péter Várkonyi, prime minister Miklós Németh, he is received by Bruno Straub F., the president of the Presidential Council and István Stadinger, the president of the Parliament.

21 February 1989 - Argentina and the USA sign an agreement about the renewal of military cooperation broken off because of the Falkland war.

5-8 March 1989 - Deputy foreign minister Gábor Nagy participates at the Berlin conference of socialist countries dealing with Latin-American subjects.

29-31 March 1989 - Uruguayan foreign minister Luis Barrios Tassano has talks with Péter Várkonyi in Hungary. The Uruguayan diplomat is received by prime minister Miklós Németh and Bruno Straub F., the president of the Presidential Council.

27 -31 May 1989 - During his official and friendly visit, Tomas Borge, the Nicaraguan minister of internal affairs, has talks with his Hungarian colleague István Horváth.

3-4 August 1989 - In Nicaragua, the representatives of the government and the oppositional parties agree about the call for democratic elections and the disarmament of revolters stationed in Honduras.

5 September 1989 - An agreement is reached about the re-establishment of consular relations with Chile.

3 October 1989 - Military putsch in Panama against General Noriega.

5-6 October 1989 - Talks of Soviet-Nicaraguan foreign ministers in Managua.

During the year - Venezuelan head of state Carlos Andres Perez makes an official visit to Hungary.

11 January 1990 - The re-establishment of diplomatic relations with Chile.

11 October 1990 - The first democratically elected Hungarian government establishes diplomatic relations with Guatemala.

During the year - At the initiative of the Rio group having institutional relations with the European Union (after the democratic elections, but before the election of the new government in the parliament), the first meeting of the foreign ministers of the eight Latin-American countries and European socialist countries takes place in Budapest.

2 May 1991 - The establishment of diplomatic relations with Paraguay.

26 May 1991 - The establishment of diplomatic relations with Salvador.

During the year - Hungary is given the status of observer in the Organization of American States.